Abstract
Background: Despite extensive attempts for the treatment of breast cancer (BC), it is the most prevalent cancer type among women, and its treatment remains elusive, particularly in patients with advanced disease. Although there are several therapeutic options, none of them is effective for complete relief, especially in metastatic patients. Cancer cells exhibit a high proliferation rate, which is usually associated with the dysregulation of cell cycle progress. Various proteins such as cyclin-dependent kinases (CDKs) and cyclins are involved in cell cycle modulation.
Methods: Databases including PubMed, Scopus, WebofScience and Google Scholar were used to extract information. Articles published in English until 2022 were used.
Results: Regarding the dysregulation of various CDKs in several cancer types, the pharmacologicalinhibitors of CDKs have extensively been evaluated to treat several cancer types such as BC. The blockade of CDKs strongly suppresses tumor growth through cell cycle arrest. Moreover, the combination of CDK inhibitors and other anti-cancer therapeutics has demonstrated potent synergistic effects on the treatment of various cancers.
Conclusion: Therefore, various CDK inhibitors have been designed and evaluated as antiproliferative therapeutics to suppress the proliferation of cancer cells. Pan CDK inhibitors, including flavopiridol, dinaciclib, purvalanol A, SNS-032, and roscovitine, are the most effective CDK inhibitors investigated in several studies. They inhibit various CDKs such as the CDK1, 2, 4, 5, 6, 7, and 9. In this review, it is attempted to discuss the efficacy of Pan CDK inhibitors as an anti-cancer therapy in BC.